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Force of Friction on Connected Bodies When bodies are in contact, there are mutual contact forces satisfying the third law of motion. The component of contact force normal to the surfaces in contact is called normal reaction. The component parallel to the surfaces in contact is called friction.In the above figure, `8 kg and 6 kg` are hanging stationary from a rough pulley and are about to move. They are stationary due to roughness of the pulley.The normal reaction acting on the system
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Two objects of mass `m` each moving with speed `mu ms^(-1)` collide at 90°, then final momentum is (assume collision is
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Assertion: There is no loss in energy in elastic collision. Reason: Linear momentum is conserved in elastic
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Work A farmer ploughing the field, a construction worker carrying bricks, a student studying for a competitive examination, an artist painting a beautiful landscape, all are said to be working. In physics, however, the word ‘Work’ covers a definite and precise meaning. Work refers to the force and the displacement over which it acts. Consider a constant force `F` acting on an object of mass `m`. The object undergoes a displacement `d` in the positive `x`-direction as shown in figure.The work done by the force is defined to be the product of component of the force in the direction of
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Principle of Conservation of EnergyTotal energy of an isolated system always remains constant. Since, the universe as a whole may be viewed as an isolated system, total energy of the universe is constant. If one part of the universe loses energy, then other part must gain an equal amount of energy. The principle of conservation of energy cannot be proved as such. However, no violation of this principle has been observed.When we rub two flint stones together, got them to heat up and to ignite a heap of dry leaves in the form
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Principle of Conservation of EnergyTotal energy of an isolated system always remains constant. Since, the universe as a whole may be viewed as an isolated system, total energy of the universe is constant. If one part of the universe loses energy, then other part must gain an equal amount of energy. The principle of conservation of energy cannot be proved as such. However, no violation of this principle has been observed.Which graph represents conservation of total mechanical
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A rigid body is said to be in partial equilibrium only,
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Torque and Centre of GravityTorque is also known as moment of force or couple. When a force acts on a particle, the particle does not merely move in the direction of the force but it also turns about some point. So, we can define the torque for a particle about a point as the vector product of position vector of the point where the force acts and with the force itself. In the given figure, balancing of a cardboard on the tip of a pencil is done. The point of support, G is the centre of gravity.If value of `g`
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Moment of InertiaA heavy wheel called flywheel is attached to the shaft of steam engine, automobile engine etc., because of its large moment of inertia, the flywheel opposes the sudden increase or decrease of the speed of the vehicle. It allows a gradual change in the speed and prevents jerky motion and hence ensure smooth ride of passengers.Moment of inertia of a body depends
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Moment of InertiaA heavy wheel called flywheel is attached to the shaft of steam engine, automobile engine etc., because of its large moment of inertia, the flywheel opposes the sudden increase or decrease of the speed of the vehicle. It allows a gradual change in the speed and prevents jerky motion and hence ensure smooth ride of passengers.A particle of mass `1 kg` is kept at `(1m, 1m, 1m)`. The moment of inertia of this particle about `Z`-axis would
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Escape velocity on earth is `11.2 kms^(-1)`, what would be the escape velocity on a planet whose mass is 1000 times and radius is 10 times that of
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Two satellites A and B go around a planet P in circular orbits having radius `4 R and R`, respectively. If the speed of satellite A is `3v`, then the speed of satellite B will
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Acceleration due to gravityThe acceleration for any object moving under the sole influence of gravity is known as acceleration due to gravity. So, for an object of mass `m,` the acceleration experienced by it is usually denoted by the symbol g which is related to F by Newton’s second law by relation `F= mg`. Thus,`g=F/m=(GM_e)/(r_e^2)`Acceleration `g` is readily measurable as `R_e` is a known quantity. The measurement of `G` by Cavendish’s experiment (or otherwise), combined with knowledge of `g and R_e` enables one to estimate `M_e` from the above equation. This is the reason why there is a popular statement
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Earth’s SatelliteEarth satellites are objects which revolve around the earth. Their motion is very similar to the motion of planets around the Sun. In particular, their orbits around the earth are circular or elliptic. Moon is the only natural satellite of the earth with a near circular orbit with a time period of approximately 27.3 days which is also roughly equal to the rotational period of the moon about its own axis. Also, the speed that a satellite needs to be travelling to break free of a planet or moon’s gravity well and leave it without further propulsion is known
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What is Simple pendulum? Find an expression for the time period and frequency of a simple
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The acceleration due to gravity on the surface of moon is 1.7 m/`s^2`. What is the time period of simple pendulum on moon if its time period on the earth is
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A vehicle with horn of frequency ‘n’ is moving with a velocity of `30m|s` in a direction perpendicular to the straight line joining the observer and the vehicle. If the observer perceives the sound to have a frequency of `n+n_1`. Calculate
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Show that the frequency of nth harmonic mode in a vibrating string which is closed at both the end is ‘n’ times the frequency of the first harmonic
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What will be the effect on maximum height of a projectile when its angle of projection is changed from `30^o` to `60^o`, keeping the same initial velocity of
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What is a uniform circular motion? Explain the terms time period, frequency and angular velocity. Establish relation between
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